• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Virtual acoustic mannequin for binaural sound recording. Binaural artificial hearing system for making binaural sound, comprising two artificial ear pavilions (1) adjustable position; an omnidirectional microphone coupled in the auditory pavilion of each artificial ear pavilion and a digital signal processing system to process the sound signals picked up by the microphones. The artificial biaural hearing system (dummy ears) allows capturing the spatiality of the sound field, as does an acoustic manikin (dummy head), but using only the auricular pavilions and eliminating the entire head-torso structure of the manikin. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2588394A1
    申请号:ES201530592
    申请日:2015-04-30
    公开日:2016-11-02
    发明作者:Lino GARCÍA MORALES；Antonio MÍNGUEZ OLIVARES；Francisco Javier TABERNERO GIL；Jorge Grundman Isla
    申请人:Universidad Politecnica de Madrid；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Virtual acoustic dummy for biaural sound capture 5 TECHNICAL SECTOR
    The present invention relates, in general, to audio, with all derivatives of the application of sound recording and, more specifically, with the capture of the spatiality of the sound field and biaural reproduction. Some examples are: music industry,
    10 postproduction, cinema, video games, multimedia, synthesis of sound spaces, mixing with headphones, etc. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    15 The sound processed by the human perceptual system comes through a biaural system commonly modeled by the head transfer function (HRTF). The biaural sound capture with a head-torso system (in English: dummy head) subsequently allows more or less faithful reproduction of the sound field; the perception of the listener with headphones is "just as if he were in place
    20 and in the environment ”in which it was recorded. This is because the head-torso simulator (acoustic dummy) models the reflections, absorptions and diffractions of the sound in the receiver in the most faithful way to which an average person experiences. Its physical properties (dimensions, materials, weight, constitution, shape, details, etc.) are similar to those of a "average" person. This obviously is a great simplification, since all
    25 these attributes have different values for each person, but it generates perceptually acceptable qualities. The head-torso systems are normally very expensive, heavy and delicate to transport since they deposit all their benefits in the materiality of the structure.
    30 Acoustic mannequins, integrate ear simulators (pavilion and internal auditory channel) to measure or record the audio signal equivalent to that perceived by the human being, either from an electronic medium (hearing aid or headphones) or received directly from the field environment sound. There is a lot of types:
    35  Head and torso simulators that include the complete ear simulator (pavilion and internal auditory canal). They are primarily intended to measure the response


    headphones and headphones acoustics. Among these are the Kemar (Knowles Electronics Inc.), Head Acoustics HMS II.4 and Cortex Instruments Binaural Recording Head (Mk1 and Mk2) models.
     Head and torso simulators that include the full ear simulator (pavilion
    5 and internal auditory canal) and also incorporate an artificial mouth (artificial voice). Is it sointended to perform measurements of communication devices with headphones andmicrophone (telephony and other types of communication). Examples of these simulatorsThey are the models of Brüel & Kjaer 4128C and Head Acoustics HMS II.3.
     Head and torso simulators that include the partial ear simulator (only
    10 auditory pavilion). The measurement microphone blocks the ear canal. Its use is intended to make biaural sound recordings. The Brüel & Kjaer 4100 model and the Head Acoustics HMS III model are an example of this type of measurement.
    There are three standards that specify the physical and acoustic characteristics that must be
    15 have the torso and head simulators. These are: ANSI S3.36 (Manikin for simulated insitu airborne acoustic measurements), IEC TR 60959 (Provisional head and torso simulator for acoustic measurements on air conduction hearing aids) and ITU-T P.58 (Head and torso simulator for telephonometry) .
    20 The ANSI S3.36 standard specifies physical dimensions that correspond to the Kemar acoustic dummy. It also includes the ANSI S3.25 standard (American National Standard for an occluded ear simulator) that sets the characteristics of the ear simulator (pavilion and ear canal).
    25 The IEC TR 60959 standard establishes dimensions identical to the previous ANSI S3.36 standard but the ear simulator (auditory pavilion without channel) follows the specifications of the IEC 60711 standard (Occluded-ear simulator for the measurement of earphones coupled to the ear by ear inserts).
    30 The dimensions reflected in the ITU-T P.58 standard are somewhat different from the other two standards. They match those of the commercial head and torso simulators of Brüel & Kjaer 4128C and Head Acoustics HMS II.3. The artificial ear of ITU-T P.58 follows the ITU-T P.57 standard. It establishes several models: type 2 (pavilion without ear canal –occluded ear– that matches the IEC 60711 standard) and types 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4 (ear pavilions
    35 of different dimensions - with internal channel -, according to the type of measure required).


    The three standards (ANSI S3.36, IEC TR 60959 and ITU-T P.58) also define the head acoustic transfer function (HRTF –Head Related Transfer Function–). In the ANSI S3.36 and IEC TR 60959 standards the HRTF can be considered identical and refers to the sound pressure level (SPL) existing in the eardrum with respect to the SPL in free field (without acoustic dummy) in the internal center point of the head. In the ITU-T P.58 standard the HRTF refers to the SPL in the eardrum with respect to the SPL in free field (without head) but only in the 0º position of azimuth; on the other hand, if the acoustic dummy (90º, 180º and 270º) is turned, the HRTF refers to the SPL in the eardrum with respect to the SPL at 0º of azimuth (without turning).
    More than 95% of the directional information that the brain needs depends on the design of the auricular pavilion and the inter-aural distance. However, there are currently no devices that allow the adaptation of these two parameters to improve measures in cases in which, for example, the attributes of the person differ from the average person. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention makes it possible to capture the biaural sound field for a multitude of configurations by allowing it to regulate the distance between the auricular pavilions and their replacement. To this end, the material, real head-torso system is replaced by a virtual, immaterial, digital signal processing system. To simplify the jargon used in the text we will use the term dummy head to refer to the head-material torso system (antecedent of the invention) and the term dummy ears to refer to the immaterial head-torso system (present invention).
    The ear pavilions are molded with a 3D printer to reproduce the morphological complexity of the outer ear and constitute, together with the mechanical coupling system, the only material element that directly intervenes in the capture of the sound field. An omnidirectional microphone is inserted into each ear pin. Each omnidirectional microphone in turn is coupled to a digital signal processing system responsible for simulating the transfer functions, HRTFs.
    The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art: # 18; The mechanical coupling system of the ear pavilions is very simple and allows to regulate the biaural distance.


    # 18; The dummy ears system can model the real head – torso system of any individual; unlike the dummy head system that only supports a fixed configuration of all its attributes.
    # 18; Supports any type of headset.5 # 18; It is low cost (100 times lower order). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Next, we will describe, in a very brief way, a figure that helps
    10 to better understand the invention and which is expressly related to an embodiment of said invention that is presented as a non-limiting example thereof.
    Figure 1 is a diagram showing the fundamental parts of the artificial biaural system of the invention (dummy ears) and where the head and torso of the prior art appear
    15 overlays. DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
    As illustrated in Figure 1, the system according to this can be seen
    20 invention with two ear pavilions (1), a microphone inserted in the ear pavilion of each ear pavilion (2), a biaural distance regulation system (3) and a digital signal processing system (4) that provides an output of sound for headphones. The invention can also be provided with a rotation and height adjustment system.
    The present invention consists of a virtual head-torso, dummy ears, configurable system that simulates a real head-torso, dummy head system, comprising: # 18; two 3D printed earbuds (1) that supports various materials (hard and soft) and simulates the morphology of a "conventional" outer ear.
    30 # 18; two omnidirectional microphones. # 18; digital processing system that treats the signal captured by the acoustic transfer functions (HRTF).


    Modes of operation
    The configuration of the device prior to the operation with the captured signal can be done in several ways:
    5 -by physical modeling of the head-torso system, which results in a couple of acoustic transfer functions (HRTFs). It could be said that, regardless of the modeling technique, it is a theoretical estimate of HRTFs (known in the state of the art as a parametric mode).
    10 -through the measurement of the HRTFs of any head-torso system (by means of an adaptive systems identification method); that is, the measure of a system whose theoretical model is unknown but its practical implementation is available. It could be said that, regardless of the measurement technique, it is a practical estimate of the HRTFs (method known in the state of the art as a non-parametric mode).
    15 Once the HRTFS has been defined in the previous mode (one for each pavilion), the digital processing system simulates the HRTFs of the acoustic dummy by convolutive processes. This processing of the captured signal corresponds to the acoustic measurement in a given room.

    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1. Artificial biaural system, characterized in that it comprises:-two interchangeable ear pavilions;
    5-an extensible mechanical system to separate the ear pavilions at varying distances; -a omnidirectional microphone attached to each ear pin; -a digital signal capture and processing system adapted to treat said signal by means of acoustic transfer functions (HRTFs).
    [2]
    2. System according to claim 1 characterized in that it is provided with means for recording the processed signal.
    [3]
    3. System according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises means for raising and rotating the mechanical system.
    [4]
    4. Method for measuring the biaural sound field by means of the device of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises: -a step of configuring the digital system by means of acoustic transfer functions
    20 (HRTFs) obtained parametrically or nonparametrically; -a step of operation on an acoustic signal captured by convolutive processes using said transfer function.

    FIGURE 1
    1 31
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2588394B2|2017-05-18|
    引用文献:
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